Ilex Paraguariensis Leaf Extract

Ilex Paraguariensis (yerba mate) leaf extract is used mainly as an antioxidant/soothing botanical, typically at low concentrations, but it contains multiple plant polyphenols and can retain trace caffeine/tannins that may sting or provoke reactivity on compromised or eczema-prone skin. While not a classic high-risk irritant like acids or fragrance allergens, botanical extracts have a consistent track record of occasional positive reactions in sensitive populations, so a mild score is the safer clinically aligned assessment. Safety Notes: In mass-market leave-on products (serums, lotions, eye gels) and rinse-off cleansers, Ilex paraguariensis (yerba mate) leaf extract is frequently used as a low-level antioxidant/soothing “label claim” botanical at ~0.001–0.1%, especially when supplied as a dilute glycerin/propylene glycol extract. Higher-strength consumer-available products (e.g., antioxidant/firming serums, cellulite/contouring creams, and some K-beauty toners) may use the extract as a primary botanical active, commonly ~0.5–3% and occasionally up to ~5% depending on extract potency and solubility; above this, stability, color/odor, and irritation/caffeine-related sensory limits typically constrain use in OTC leave-on formats.