Cyclodextrin

Cyclodextrins (e.g., alpha/beta/gamma forms) are primarily used as encapsulating/solubilizing agents in leave-on and rinse-off products, typically at low percentages, and are generally well tolerated with low rates of irritation in patch testing. They are not pH-dependent actives and are not inherently reactive, but in severely compromised skin (eczema flares, post-procedure) any osmotic/polymeric excipient can occasionally sting or feel drying, so I do not score it as completely inert. Given the overall favorable safety profile yet acknowledging reactive-skin edge cases, a very gentle score is most appropriate. Safety Notes: In commercial skincare, cyclodextrins (most often beta-cyclodextrin or modified forms like hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin) are commonly used at low levels (~0.05–1%) as solubilizers/complexing agents to stabilize fragrances, retinoids, or other lipophilic actives and to improve odor control in leave-on and rinse-off formats. Higher-strength consumer-available products (especially deodorizing/odor-neutralizing body care, some targeted treatment gels/creams, and encapsulation-heavy “delivery system” serums) can reach the mid-to-high single digits, with observed upper-end uses around ~10% where the cyclodextrin is functioning as a primary functional powder/complexing matrix and formula aesthetics allow. This range reflects OTC consumer products and excludes professional-only treatments; exact feasibility depends on cyclodextrin type, water phase loading, and viscosity/feel constraints.